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Operation on Logic Gates

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Title: Operation on Logic Gates
Objective:
1.       To investigate the operation of an “AND” gate.
2.       To investigate the operation of an “OR” gate.
3.       To investigate the operation of a logic inverter (“NOT” gate).
Theory:
Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any digital system. It is an electronic circuit having one or more than one input and only one output. The relationship between the input and the output is based on a certain logic. Based on this, logic gates are named as AND gate, OR gate, NOT gate etc.
1.       AND Gate:
The AND gate is an electronic circuit that gives a high output (1) only if all its inputs are high.  A dot (.) is used to show the AND operation i.e. A.B.  Bear in mind that this dot is sometimes omitted i.e. AB
Fig: Symbol for AND gate
                                                     Boolean Algebra: A.B
                                     
                           Fig: Truth table for AND gate



2.      NOT Gate:
 The NOT gate is an electronic circuit that produces an inverted version of the input at its output.  It is also known as an inverter.  If the input variable is A, the inverted output is known as NOT A.  This is also shown as A', or A with a bar over the top, as shown at the outputs. The diagrams below show two ways that the NAND logic gate can be configured to produce a NOT gate. It can also be done using NOR logic gates in the same way.
Fig: symbol for NOT gate
Boolean Algebra: A'
Fig: Truth Table for NOT Gate
3.      OR Gate:
 The OR gate is an electronic circuit that gives a high output (1) if one or more of its inputs are high.  A plus (+) is used to show the OR operation.
Fig: Symbol for OR gate
                                      Boolean Algebra: Y=A+B       

Fig: Truth Table for OR Gate
Observations

                                              
                                                

Conclusion
Based off the “truth tables” it is seen that  how unique each gate is.  Furthermore, the different gates work in their own ways.  For instance, an AND Gate requires both inputs to be 1 in order for the circuit to function, hence “AND Gate”.  An “OR Gate” works in the opposite way of an AND Gate.  In order for an OR Gate to make the circuit work, it at least needs one of the inputs to have a 1 value hence “OR Gate”. The “NOT Gate”  is also known as an Inverter.  All it does, is give an output that is opposite to its inputs making the gate the simplest one to use out of the rest of the gates.



Refrences :
·         http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Projects/CAL/digital-logic/gatesfunc/
·         http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/boolean/bool_7.html
·         http://www.slideshare.net/riandQ/the-logic-gate-circuit


          



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